This paper is only available as a PDF. To read, Please Download here.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To test the effects of music therapy on relaxation and anxiety reduction for patients
receiving ventilatory assistance.
DESIGN: Two-group, pretest-posttest experimental design with repeated measures. Subjects
randomized to either a 30-minute music condition or a rest period.
SETTING: Four urban midwestern intensive care units.
SUBJECTS: Fifty-four alert, nonsedated patients receiving mechanical ventilation.
OUTCOME MEASURES: State anxiety (pretest and posttest), heart rate, and respiratory rate obtained every
5 minutes for 30 minutes.
RESULTS: Subjects who received music therapy reported significantly less anxiety posttest
(10.1) than those subjects in the control group (16.2). Heart rate and respiratory
rate decreased over time for those subjects in the music group as compared with the
control group subjects.
CONCLUSIONS: A single music therapy session was found to be effective for decreasing anxiety and
promoting relaxation, as indicated by decreases in heart rate and respiratory rate
over the intervention period with this sample of patients receiving ventilatory assistance.
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Heart & Lung: The Journal of Cardiopulmonary and Acute CareAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Non-pharmacological management of patient distress during mechanical ventilation.Crit Care Clinics. 1994; 10: 695-708
- Assessment of patient's experience of discomfort during respirator therapy.Crit Care Med. 1989; 17: 1068-1072
- The patient's reaction to ventilation.Can Crit Care Nurse. 1989; 6: 13-16
- Patient perceptions of the mechanical ventilation experience.Focus Crit Care. 1988; 15: 52-59
- The experience of being mechanically ventilated.Qual Health Res. 1994; 4: 186-207
- Distress during mechanical ventilation: patient's perceptions.Crit Care Nurse. 1990; 10: 48-57
- The art and science of caring for ventilator-assisted patients.Crit Care Clinics. 1994; 10: 819-829
- Anxiety and delirium in the intensive care unit.Crit Care Clinics. 1994; 10: 673-680
- Use of sedating drugs and neuromuscular blocking agents in patient requiring mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure.JAMA. 1991; 266: 2870-2875
- Patients requiring sedation.Crit Care Clinics. 1995; 11: 791-802
- The cost of sedating and paralyzing the critically ill patient.Crit Care Clinics. 1995; 11: 1005-1019
- Advantages and disadvantages of combining sedative agents.Crit Care Clinics. 1995; 11: 903-912
- Morality and morbidity amongst sedated intensive care patients.Resuscitation. 1988; 16: 69-77
- Ventilatory support.in: Bulecheck G McCloskey J Nursing interventions: essential nursing treatments. WB Saunders, Philadelphia1992: 531-543
- Music therapy.in: Snyder M Independent nursing interventions. 2nd ed. Delmar Publishers, Albany1992: 184-192
- Music listening for intensive coronary care units: a pilot project.Music Therapy. 1983; 3: 4-16
- Effects of relaxation and music therapy on patients in a coronary care unit with presumptive acute myocardial infarction.Heart Lung. 1989; 18: 609-616
- Effects of relaxing music on state anxiety in myocardial infarction patients.Crit Care Nurs Q. 1990; 13: 63-72
- Music therapy: an intervention to reduce anxiety in the myocardial infarction patient.Clin Nurse Spec. 1992; 6: 58-63
- Music therapy results for ICU patients.DCCN. 1990; 9: 39-45
- Neuropsychological processes in music perception and their relevance in music therapy.in: Unkefer R Music therapy in the treatment of adults with mental disorders. Macmillan, New York1990: 3-32
- Music and healing.Music Therapy. 1986; 6: 3-12
- Mind, music and imagery.Asian Publishing, Boulder1990
- Music therapy: an art beyond words.Rout-ledge, London1994
- Disorders of arousal and the relaxation response: speculations on the nature and treatment of stress-related diseases.Int J Psychosom. 1989; 36: 15-21
- The relaxation response.Avon Books, New York1975
- Manual for the state-trait anxiety Inventory (form Y).Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto1983
- The development of a six-item short form of the state scale of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).Br J Clin Psychol. 1992; 31: 301-306
- Psychophysiologic responses of mechanically ventilated patients to music: a pilot study.Am I Crit Care. 1995; 4: 233-238
- Music research in medical/dental treatment: metaanalysis and clinical applications.J Music Therapy. 1986; 23: 56-122
- Psychometric theory.2nd ed. McGrawHill, New York1978
- Music therapy: hearing the melody of the soul.in: Dossey BM Keegan L Guzzetta C Kolkmeier LG Holistic nursing. Aspen Publishers, Gaithersburg (MD)1995: 670-698
Article info
Footnotes
☆This study was supported in part by grants from Sigma Theta Tau, Zeta Chapter, the University of Minnesota Graduate School, and by a postdoctoral research training grant from the National Institute of Nursing Research entitled, “Nursing Interventions, Outcomes, and Effectiveness” (5-T32-NR07082, J. McCloskey and M. Maas, Co-Directors).
Identification
Copyright
© 1998 Published by Elsevier Inc.
