Highlights
- •IMST and IMET similarly improve respiratory muscle strength and endurance.
- •IMST and IMET similarly improve peripheral muscle strength, exercise capacity, PA level, and QoL
- •IMST and IMET similarly alleviate dyspnea and fatigue.
- •IMST and IMET are safe and effective methods in pacemaker patients with HF.
Abstract
Background
Studies have widely investigated the effects of inspiratory muscle strength training
in patients with heart failure (HF). The effects of inspiratory muscle strength or
endurance training on outcomes in patients with pacemakers have not been adequately
studied.
Objectives
The aim was to compare the effects of inspiratory muscle strength and endurance training
on exercise capacity, quality of life (QoL), peripheral and respiratory muscle strength,
respiratory muscle endurance, pulmonary function, dyspnea, fatigue, and physical activity
levels in pacemaker patients with HF.
Methods
A randomized, controlled, double-blind study was conducted. Fourteen pacemaker patients
with HF received inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) at 50% of maximal inspiratory
pressure (MIP), and 18 patients received endurance training (IMET) at 30% of MIP 7
days/8 weeks. Exercise capacity [6 min. walking test (6MWT) and the Incremental Shuttle
Walking Test (ISWT)], pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength [MIP, maximal
expiratory pressure (MEP)], endurance, peripheral muscle strength, dyspnea, fatigue,
QoL, and physical activity level were evaluated before and after.
Results
Demographic characteristics were similar in IMST (3F/11M, 56.92 ± 7.61y, EF: 25%,
ICD/CRT:11/3) and IMET (4F/14M, 56 ± 10.77y, EF: 30%, ICD/CRT:16/2) groups (p > 0.05). Significant improvements were present in MIP, MEP, respiratory muscle endurance,
peripheral muscle strength, 6MWT and ISWT walking distances, dyspnea, QoL, physical
activity level, fatigue scores within groups (p ≤ 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the groups (p > 0.05). There were no significant improvements in FEV1%, FVC%, FEV1/FVC%, and FEF25-75 within and between the groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
Inspiratory muscle strength and endurance training similarly improves respiratory
and peripheral muscle strength, exercise capacity, QoL, physical activity level, and
decreases dyspnea and fatigue and are safe and effective in pacemaker patients with
HF.
Trial registration
www.ClinicalTrials.gov; study number: NCT03501355.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 23, 2022
Accepted:
April 8,
2022
Received in revised form:
March 20,
2022
Received:
September 9,
2021
Footnotes
The study was presented as poster presentation in ERS International Congress, Madrid 2019
Identification
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