Heart failure (HF), a complex and heterogeneous epidemic, manifested by disabling
physical symptoms like dyspnea and fatigue, and affective symptoms like depression
and anxiety, is the fastest growing cardiovascular disorder in the U.S. and the number
one reason for hospitalization among older adults.
1
,
2
Notwithstanding various etiological and structural characteristics (e.g. ischemic
vs. non-ischemic, reduced vs. preserved ejection fraction, etc.), hallmark symptoms
like dyspnea and fatigue are what connect varied cases of HF together under a single
diagnosis.
3
Symptoms are so important in understanding HF because they are the main progenitor
of healthcare utilization, independent predictors of event-risk, and principal drivers
of quality of life.
4
Moreover, monitoring for symptoms is also the key link between routine HF self-care
behaviors geared toward preventing acute exacerbations and the complex self-care behaviors
that are required to manage the signs and symptoms of worsening congestion.To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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References
- Recent national trends in readmission rates after heart failure hospitalization.Circ Heart Fail. 2010; 3: 97-103
- Forecasting the future of cardiovascular disease in the United States: a policy statement from the American Heart Association.Circulation. 2011; 123: 933-944
- 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines.Circulation. 2013; 128: e240-e327
- Symptom-hemodynamic mismatch and heart failure event risk.J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2015; 30: 394-402
- The Seattle Heart Failure Model: prediction of survival in heart failure.Circulation. 2006; 113: 1424-1433
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© 2018 Published by Elsevier Inc.
