Objective
Heart failure (HF) self-care requires both knowledge and skill, but little attention
has been given to identify how to improve skill in HF self-care. The objective was
to assess what self-care skills patients with HF perceive that they need and how they
developed the skills needed to perform self-care.
Methods
Data from 85 adults with chronic HF enrolled in 3 prior studies were analyzed using
qualitative descriptive meta-analysis techniques. Themes were reexamined using within
study and across-study analyses and translated to create a broader and more complete
understanding of the development of skill in HF self-care.
Results
Tactical and situational skills are needed to perform adequate self-care. Skill in
self-care evolves over time and with practice as patients learn how to make self-care
practices fit into their daily lives. Proficiency in these skills was acquired primarily
through input from family and friends. Health care professionals rarely made significant
contributions to the learning of essential skills.
Conclusion
Traditional patient education does not support self-care skill development in patients
with HF. New patient teaching strategies are needed that support the development of
tactical and situational skills, foster coherence, and use trusted resources. Research
testing coaching interventions that target skill-building tactics, such as role-playing
in specific situations, are needed.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 22, 2009
Identification
Copyright
© 2009 Mosby, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
