Patients given implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) after arrhythmic events
or sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) experience psychosocial distress. ICDs now are inserted
for the primary prevention of SCA in patients with heart failure; the psychosocial
impact of ICDs on patients with heart failure is unknown. Changes in psychosocial
status in these ICD recipients were examined. ICD recipients (n = 57) completed depression,
anxiety, and social support inventories every 6 months for up to 2 years. Initially,
35% of recipients were depressed and 45% of recipients were anxious. In linear mixed
models, depression decreased over time overall but increased in those who experienced
ICD shocks. Anxiety decreased in New York Heart Association class III ICD recipients
but not in class II ICD recipients. Decreases in social support were related to age:
the younger the patient the greater the decrease. A significant proportion of ICD
recipients were depressed or anxious, or had diminished social support even after
2 years. Investigation of strategies to improve ICD recipients' psychosocial status
is warranted.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 29, 2008
Footnotes
This research was partially supported by grants R01 NR07613 from the National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, and grants UO1 HL55766, UO1 HL55297, and UO1 HL55496 from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, and by Medtronic, Wyeth–Ayerst Laboratories, and Knoll Pharmaceuticals.
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© 2009 Mosby, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
